Amritsar and Chandigarh have joined the list of the most polluted cities in India, with their Air Quality Index (AQI) skyrocketing after Diwali celebrations. Amritsar’s AQI was recorded at 339, pushing it into the hazardous Graph-3 category which is equivalent to Delhi’s pollution levels. Chandigarh is also on the list, with an AQI of 297 which is just three points short of the same classification as Amritsar. This is the second day in a row that Amritsar’s air quality has remained critically high which is prompting serious public health concerns in Punjab.
On Friday, Amritsar’s AQI had already peaked at 350. Authorities may consider enforcing Graph-3 level restrictions to protect public health wheras in Chandigarh, the pollution levels has reached 302 AQI on Friday evening before showing temporary relief during the day.
Other Punjab cities are also facing such concerning pollution levels. According to the Punjab Pollution Control Board, Bathinda has recorded an AQI of 131, Jalandhar 225, Khanna 220, Ludhiana 266, Mandi Gobindgarh 236, and Patiala 231. Amritsar is currently in the red zone with several other cities in the orange category.
Pollution Health Impacts:
· Respiratory Problems: Pollutants like PM2.5 and PM10 directly enter the lungs, causing breathing difficulties, asthma, and other respiratory issues. Individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions face elevated risks.
· Cardiovascular Risks: Toxic particles in polluted air can enter the bloodstream, increasing risks of heart disease and high blood pressure.
· Immune System Weakening: Extended exposure to polluted air can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections.
· Impact on Vulnerable Groups: Pollution disproportionately affects children, the elderly, and pregnant women, impacting child development and increasing heart and lung health risks for older adults.
· Eye and Skin Irritation: Polluted air commonly causes eye irritation and itching, as well as adverse effects on skin health.
Pollution Environmental Impact:
· Global Warming and Climate Change: Persistent pollutants contribute to global warming and climate change, worsening weather extremes.
· Crop Damage: Toxic chemicals in the air harm plants and crops, potentially leading to economic losses for farmers.
· Wildlife Impact: Pollution poses risks to wildlife health and survival.
· Aquatic Life Harm: Airborne pollutants often reach water sources, adversely affecting aquatic life.
Control Measures:
· Construction Halt: Construction activities have been suspended to reduce dust and emissions.
· Limited Vehicle Use: Authorities urge the public to limit non-essential travel, reducing vehicle exhaust on roads.
· Industrial Regulation: Pollution-intensive industries are being closely monitored, with some ordered to reduce or halt operations temporarily.
· Public Advisory: Citizens are advised to wear masks, limit time outdoors, and remain indoors whenever possible.
With Amritsar, Chandigarh, and other parts of Punjab facing dangerous pollution levels, urgent action and public compliance are crucial to address this health and environmental crisis in Punjab.