The Union Health Ministry has directed states to strengthen the surveillance of Influenza-Like Illnesses (ILI) and severe acute Respiratory Illnesses (SARI) following the detection of seven cases of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) in children across India. Cases have been reported in Bengaluru, Nagpur, Chennai, and Ahmedabad, raising concerns about the spread of the virus during the winter season.
In Nagpur, two suspected HMPV patients have been identified. These patients are 13 and 7 years old, respectively. Shahstrikant Shambhakar, Deputy Director of Health, said that the records of both of these suspected patients are being sent to AIIMs.
HMPV in India, current situation
Union Health Secretary Rajesh Bhushan chaired a meeting on Monday to assess the status of respiratory illnesses and public health measures across states. While a significant surge in respiratory illness has been observed nationwide, states have been advised to maintain robust surveillance systems to monitor potential outbreaks.
The confirmed cases include two in Tamil Nadu, one each in Chennai and Salem. According to the Tamil Nadu government, both patients are stable and recovering under medical supervision. similarly, an infant who tested positive in Ahmedabad has shown significant improvement following treatment.
HMPV, first identified in 2001, is a respiratory virus that commonly affects the upper and lower, respiratory tracts. While it is not a novel viral, it poses risks to vulnerable populations, including children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals.
HMPV, first identified in 2001, is a respiratory virus that commonly affects the upper and lower respiratory tracts. While it is not a novel virus, it poses risks to vulnerable populations, including children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals.
The majority of cases of HMPV revolve around symptomatic treatment, but in severe instances, the virus can lead to complications such as pneumonia or bronchiolitis.
Experts' opinions and reassurances
Dr. Ranga Reddy Burri, President of the Infection Control Academy of India, emphasized that while HMPV can cause serious complications in some individuals, it typically results in mild symptoms. He noted that timely medical attention and preventive measures can significantly reduce risks.
Pediatrician Dr. Sivaranjani Sntosh from Hyderabad, who has experienced treating HMPV cases, reassured the public that the virus does not pose an immediate cause for widespread alarm. She highlighted the importance of awareness and preventive measures to control the spread.
No surge in cases at a major medical facility
The Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) in Chandigarh confirmed that no usual rise in influenza-like cases or hospitalizations has been observed. This aligns with data from the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) and the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), which show no significant increase in ILI/SARI cases nationwide.
Preventive measures against HMPV
- Health experts recommend simple yet effective practices to prevent HMPV transmissions:
- Wash hands frequently with soap and water
- Avoid touching the face, especially the eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands
- Maintain distance from individuals showing symptoms of respiratory illness.
- Cover the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing
- Ensure adequate hydration and rest if symptoms arise.
Altogether the health ministry has reassured the public that the country is well-prepared to handle any potential surge in HMPV cases. While the virus requires vigilance, it is not new, and the healthcare system is equipped to manage infections with appropriate measures.